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All Nippon Airways (Japan)

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All Nippon Airways

Zen Nihon Kyu
IATA
NH		 ICAO
ANA		 Callsign
ALL NIPPON
Founded 1952 (as Nippon Helicopter)
Hubs Narita International Airport
Tokyo International Airport(Haneda)
Kansai International Airport
Osaka International Airport
Focus cities Chubu Centrair International Airport
New Chitose Airport
Frequent flyer program ANA Mileage Club
Member lounge Club ANA Lounge
Alliance Star Alliance
Subsidiaries Air Nippon
Air Japan
Air Next
Air Central
ANA & JP Express
Fleet size 187 (+86 orders)
Destinations 71
Headquarters Minato, Tokyo, Japan
Key people Mineo Yamamoto (CEO), Yoji Ohashi (Chairman)
Website: English Website

All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd. ( Zen Nihon Kyu Kabushiki-gaisha?, TYO: 9202, LSE: ANA), also known as Zennikk (?) or ANA, is an airline headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It is the country's second-largest international airline after Japan Airlines and the country's largest domestic airline.[citation needed] It operates services to 49 destinations in Japan and 22 international routes. ANA employed 22,170 staff as of March 2007.[citation needed]

ANA's main international hubs are at Narita International Airport outside Tokyo and Kansai International Airport in Osaka. Its main domestic hubs are at Tokyo International Airport, Osaka International Airport, Chubu International Airport (near Nagoya), and New Chitose Airport (near Sapporo). [1]

In addition to its mainline operations, ANA controls several smaller carriers[2]:

ANA has also announced it intends to create at least one LCC subsidiary with another as of yet unnamed Asian airline by fiscal 2009.[3]

Contents

History

Formation

ANA's earliest ancestor was Nippon Helicopter and Aeroplane ( Nippon Herikoput Yus?), an airline company founded on 27 December 1952.[citation needed] Nippon Helicopter was the source of what would later be ANA's IATA airline code, NH.[citation needed]

NH began helicopter services in February 1953. On 15 December 1953, it operated its first cargo flight between Osaka and Tokyo using a de Havilland Dove, JA5008.[citation needed] This was the first scheduled flight flown by a Japanese pilot in postwar Japan. Passenger service on the same route began on 1 February 1954, and was upgraded to a de Havilland Heron in March.[citation needed] In 1955, the Douglas DC-3 plane began flying for NH as well, by which time the airline's route network extended from northern Kysh to Sapporo.[citation needed]

ANA's other ancestor was Far Eastern Airlines ( Kyokut Kk?).[citation needed] Although it was founded on 26 December 1952, one day before NH, it did not begin operations until 20 January 1954, when it began night cargo runs between Osaka and Tokyo, also using a de Havilland Dove. It adopted the DC-3 in early 1957, by which point its route network extended through southern Japan from Tokyo to Kagoshima.[citation needed]

FEA merged with NH on 1 December 1957. The combined companies had a total market capitalization of 600 million yen. They initially planned to use the name Zen Nippon Kk () or "All Japan Airlines" for the combined company. However, the statute authorizing the formation of Japan Airlines also banned any other company from using the words "Japan Airlines" (Nippon Kk) in its name, so the English name was changed to "All Nippon Airways" and the Japanese word kk (, "airline") was changed to kyu (, literally "air transport").[citation needed]

Domestic era

ANA grew steadily through the 1960s, adding the Vickers Viscount to the fleet in 1960 and the Fokker F27 in 1961.[citation needed] 1961 marked ANA's debut at the Tokyo Stock Exchange as well as the Osaka Securities Exchange; in the same year, the airline was granted a permit to operate flights to Okinawa, technically international flights since Okinawa remained occupied by the US military.[citation needed]

1963 saw another merger, this one with Fujita Airlines, raising the company's capital to 4 billion yen.[citation needed] In 1964, ANA introduced jet services with Boeing 727s on the Tokyo-Sapporo route. It also introduced Japan's first homegrown turboprop airliner, the YS-11, to replace Convair 440s on local routes.[citation needed] In 1969, ANA introduced Boeing 737 service.[citation needed]

As ANA grew, it started to contract travel companies across Japan to handle ground services in each region. This strategy was unique to ANA at that time.[citation needed] Many of these companies received shares in ANA as part of their deals. Some of these relationships continue today in different forms: for instance, Nagoya Railroad, which handled ANA's operations in the Chbu region, maintains a permanent seat on ANA's board of directors.[citation needed]

ANA soon became Japan's largest domestic airline.[citation needed] However, the Ministry of Transportation had granted JAL a monopoly on international scheduled flights, which remained intact until 1986. ANA was allowed to operate international charter flights: its first was a 727 charter from Tokyo to Hong Kong on February 3, 1971.[citation needed]

ANA purchased its first widebody aircraft, six Lockheed L-1011s, in November 1972, following a lengthy sales effort by Lockheed which had involved negotiations between US president Richard Nixon, Japanese premier Kakuei Tanaka and UK premier Edward Heath (lobbying in favor of engine maker Rolls-Royce). Tanaka also pressed Japanese regulators to permit ANA to operate on Asia routes as part of the package.[4] The aircraft entered service on the Tokyo-Okinawa route in 1974. The carrier had initially ordered McDonnell Douglas DC-10s, but cancelled the order at the last minute and switched to Lockheed. It was later revealed that Lockheed had indirectly bribed Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka to force this switch: the ensuing scandal led to the arrest of Tanaka and several managers from ANA and Lockheed sales agent Marubeni for corruption.[5]

Boeing 747s were introduced on the Tokyo-Sapporo and Tokyo-Fukuoka routes in 1978, and Boeing 767s were introduced on Shikoku routes in 1983.[citation needed]

International era

In 1986, ANA began to expand beyond Japan's key domestic carrier to become a competitive international carrier as well.[citation needed] On 3 March 1986, ANA started scheduled international flights with a passenger service from Tokyo to Guam.[6] Flights to Los Angeles and Washington followed by year's end, and ANA also entered a service agreement with American Airlines to feed the US carrier's new flights to Narita.[citation needed]

ANA expanded its international services gradually: to Beijing, Dalian, Hong Kong and Sydney in 1987; to Seoul in 1988; to London and Saipan in 1989; to Paris in 1990 and to New York in 1991.[citation needed] Airbus equipment such as the A320 and A321 was added to the fleet in the early 1990s, as was the Boeing 747-481 jet. ANA joined the Star Alliance in October 1999.[7]

2004 saw ANA's profits exceed JAL's for the first time. That year, facing a surplus of slots due to the construction of new airports and the ongoing expansion of Haneda, ANA announced a fleet renewal plan that would replace some of its large aircraft with a greater number of smaller aircraft.[8]

Also in 2004, ANA set up low-cost subsidiary Air Next to operate flights from Fukuoka Airport starting in 2005, and became the majority shareholder in Nakanihon Airline Service (NAL) headquartered in Nagoya Airport.[9] In 2005, ANA renamed NAL to Air Central, and relocated its headquarters to Chubu Centrair International Airport.[10]

On July 12, 2005, ANA reached a deal with NYK to sell its 27.6% share in Nippon Cargo Airlines a joint venture formed between the two companies in 1987. [11] The sale allowed ANA to focus on developing its own cargo division.

In 2006, ANA, Japan Post, Nippon Express, and Mitsui O.S.K. Lines founded ANA & JP Express (AJV), which would operate freighters. ANA is the top shareholder of AJV. It absorbed Air Japan's freighter operations.

Air Transport World named ANA its 2007 "Airline of the Year", and the airline has been recognised by FlightOnTime.info as the most punctual scheduled airline between London and Tokyo for the last four consecutive years, based on official UK CAA statistics.[citation needed]

ANA planned to launch ANA Business Jet on 25 March 2007 as an extension of its business class offering, using Boeing 737-700ER aircraft configured with 48 seats in two classes. The two aircraft would initially be used on daily services between Nagoya and Guangzhou.[12] Additionally, ANA will also use this jet to fly between Tokyo and Mumbai, in a configuration utilizing 36 seats.[13]

Destinations

See full article: All Nippon Airways destinations

ANA's route network extends through Asia, Oceania, North America and Europe. Its key international hub is Narita International Airport, where it shares the South Wing of Terminal 1 with its Star Alliance partners.[14]

Fleet

The ANA fleet includes the following aircraft (at March 2007)[citation needed]:

All Nippon Airways Fleet
Aircraft Total Passengers
(First/Business/Premium Economy/Economy)		 Routes Notes
Airbus A320-200 33 166 (166)
110 (20/90)		 Short-medium haul
Boeing 737-500 25 126 or 133 Short-medium haul Operated for Air Nippon (17)/Air Next (8)
Boeing 737-700 10
(30 orders)		 118-136
120 (8/112) (50" Premium Class domestic/Club ANA Asia international)		 Short-medium haul Operated for Air Nippon
118 seats on Asian routes with Premium Economy Asia (18/100); 136 seats on domestic routes
120-seat configuration: New Premium Class seating
Boeing 737-700ER 5 38 (38 Club ANA)
48 (24 Club ANA/24 Economy)		 Narita-Mumbai, Nagoya-Guangzhou (NGO-CAN suspended until April) ANA Business Jet (Operated for Air Nippon)
Boeing 747-400 8 287 (10/75/20/182) (Narita-Frankfurt or Paris)
 Long haul
Boeing 747-400D 11 569 (27/542) (38" Premium Class) High-capacity domestic General Electric CF6 engines
Boeing 767-300 33 216
279 (12/267) (38" Premium Class)		 Medium haul and domestic
Boeing 767-300ER 21
(3 orders)		 216 Medium-long haul Operated for Air Japan/Air Nippon
Boeing 777-200 16 415 (21/394) (38" Premium Class)
405 (21/384) (50" Premium Class)
382 (12/370)
234 (12/222)		 High-capacity domestic
Boeing 777-200ER 7 223 (70C/36Y+/116Y)
306 (35 C/271Y)		 Intra-Asia routes from Haneda (JA715A-JA717A)
Intra-Asia routes from Narita (JA707A-JA710A)
Boeing 777-300 7 524 (21/503) (38" Premium Class)
514 (21/493) (50" Premium Class)		 High-capacity domestic
Boeing 777-300ER 11
(6 orders)		 247 (8/77/24/138) Long haul (Narita  USA London and Hong Kong)
Boeing 787-3 (30 orders) Short-medium haul Launch customer
Boeing 787-8 (20 orders) Long haul Launch customer
Bombardier Dash 8 Q300 5 56 Regional Operated for Air Nippon Network (A-net)
Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 13
(4 orders)		 74 Regional Operated for Air Nippon Network (A-net)/Air Central
Fokker 50 3 50 or 56 Regional Operated for Air Central
Mitsubishi Regional Jet MRJ90 (15 orders + 10 options) 90-100 (estimated; single-class configuration) Regional Launch customer
Entry into service: 2013

First Class and Premium Economy is available on selected international flights. Domestic business class is branded as "Super Seat Premium"; to be re-named "Premium Class" with enhanced services (and increased seat pitch on selected flights and aircraft) on April 2008; international business class is branded as "Club ANA."

ANA operates 9 specially painted jets: 3 Pokémon jets (2 Boeing 747-481D and a Boeing 767-381 for domestic service), 4 Star Alliance jets, and one Woody jet in affiliation with USJ, the Universal Studios theme park in Osaka [1].Recently, a Boeing 767-318ER has been painted in a special panda themed livery ("Fly Panda"), celebrating the 20th anniversary of flying service between Japan and China.[citation needed]

Retired fleet

The average age of All Nippon Airways fleet is 10.3 years as of April 2006.[15]

ANA will be the launch customer for the new Boeing widebody, the Boeing 787, ordering 50 examples with an option for 50 more during April 2004. Deliveries will begin in late 2009. ANA has split the order between 30 of the short-range 787-3 and 20 of the long haul 787-8 and during October 2004 announced it had selected Rolls-Royce to supply the engines. The aircraft will allow new routes to be opened to mid-sized cities not previously served, such as Denver and Montreal. This move is part of ANA's continuing plan to become an all-Boeing airline.[citation needed] Boeing is scheduled to deliver the first Boeing 787 to launch customer ANA in late 2009.[16]

On 17 February 2005, ANA signed a contract for an additional four Boeing 777-300ER aircraft, bringing the order total for that model to ten, the first of which was delivered in October 2004.[citation needed] Seven 777-300s (all of which were delivered), twenty 777-200s (fourteen of which have been delivered), and seven 777-200ERs (six of which have been delivered) were also ordered, according to Air International (April 2005)[citation needed]. The airline has contracted for three A320s and is in the process of leasing two others as a temporary measure until their 737-700 deliveries are complete. Thereafter, A320s will be withdrawn for domestic service but will remain in the fleet. Five A320-200s were ordered to serve Chinese routes because they could carry Unit Load Devices (containers) while B737s could not.[citation needed]

ANA announced on January 31, 2006, that it would be converting two of its previously ordered 737-700s to 737-700ERs, thus becoming the launch customer of this longest-range version of the 737.[citation needed]

ANA announced on March 6, 2007 that it had ordered 4 Boeing 777-300ER aircraft as part of its continued fleet expansion.[citation needed]

Originally, there was more than one YS-11 in the All Nippon Airways fleet, although most of the YS-11's were used under the name of ANK, or Air Nippon, a subsidiary of All Nippon Airways.[citation needed] Most all of these YS-11's are in museums, or otherwise scrapped or taken apart.[citation needed] After a final retirement process through September of 2006, all YS-11's were downed, obligated to retire, unless privately owned and were privately renovated. The YS-11 was a big part of All Nippon Airways back in the 1970s to the early 1990s, when it was used as a domestic carrier throughout the Japanese industry of flight.[citation needed]

ANA flew their last flight of their Airbus A321 on February 29, 2008, which was flight 864 from Hakodate to Tokyo Haneda, arriving at Haneda at 20:25 (8:25 p.m.). This marked the end of almost 10 years of operation of the Airbus A321, in which ANA was the first and the only customer in the country of Japan to operate this kind of aircraft.[17]

ANA was the launch customer of Japan's newest jet since the NAMC YS-11, the Mitsubishi Regional Jet. The airline ordered 15 MRJ90 aircraft with an option for an additional 10 on March 27, 2008.[18]

Codeshare agreements

As of November 30, 2007, All Nippon Airways has codeshare agreements with the following airlines [19]:

Note: This list includes Star Alliance (SA) partners.

Subsidiaries

ANA Group is a group of companies which are wholly or primarily owned by ANA. It comprises [20]:

Airlines

General Aviation

Freight and airmail

ANA Cargo

ANA Cargo is the brand of ANA Group's freight service. As of June 2007, domestically it offers 937 daily flights on 135 routes. Internationally it offers 704 weekly flights to 28 destinations by ANA and ANA & JP Express. In the fiscal year ended on 31 March 2007 it earned 30,574 million yens (Mys) from freight and 8,936 Mys from airmail domestically as well as 62,195 Mys from freight and 3,438 Mys from airmail internationally.[21]

It owns four Boeing 767-300F freighters as well as is wet leasing two Boeing 767-200S from ABX Air.

ANA and Nippon Cargo Airlines

ANA was a founding (1978) and one of the two co-leading (27.5-percent each) shareholders of Nippon Cargo Airlines, with shipping company Nippon Yusen. But in 2005 ANA sold its all stake to the co-leading partner. The technical partnership is continuing.[22]

Incidents and accidents

Statistics through December 2004 show All Nippon as having the lowest rate of accidents of any Asia and Oceania based airline with 0.22 accidents per million flights on average.[23]

References

  1. ^ Online Timetable (Japanese) All Nippon Airways official website
  2. ^ in Japanese as of 2008-01-18 All Nippon Airways official website
  3. ^ Low-cost airlines making their way to Japan  Japan News Review 18/12 2007.
  4. ^ Somebody Up There Likes Lockheed, Time, November 13, 1972.
  5. ^ Bribery Shokku At the Top, Time, August 9, 1976.
  6. ^ 'The History of ANA's 20 years of international flight Service', ANA Sky Web (June 2006). Retrieved 2 September 2006.
  7. ^ Star Alliance browsed 2008-01-21.
  8. ^ Japan Times, (1 October 2004). Retrieved 2 September 2006.
  9. ^ Corporate History ( Kaisha Enkaku?). (in Japanese) Air-Central browsed 2008-01-21.
  10. ^ Air Central, Corporate History ( Kaisha Enkaku?). Air Central (in Japanese) browsed 2008-01-21.
  11. ^ ANA to Sell Share in Nippon Cargo Airlines to NYK All Nippon Airways official website browsed 2008-01-21
  12. ^ Boeing delivers first 737-700ER
  13. ^ Fly Mumbai-Tokyo in `business class' jet
  14. ^ 'Terminal 1 South wing open at Narita Airport', ANA Sky Web (June 2006). Retrieved 2 September 2006.
  15. ^ ANA Fleet Age
  16. ^ Darren Shannon. "American reveals plan to buy 787s as it revises 737 order. All Nippon Airways Is planning to phase out its 747-400s by 2012. The replacement aircraft will most likely be a boeing plane, either a 777-300ER or a 747-8, though Airbus is trying to sell it the A380.", Flight International, 2007-04-03, p. 8. 
  17. ^ ANA A321
  18. ^ All Nippon Airways Press Release: ANA Selects Mitsubishi Regional Jet  March 27, 2008.
  19. ^ Codeshare partners
  20. ^
  21. ^ All Nippon Airways official website, browsed 2008-01-13.
  22. ^ Nippon Cargo Airlines (2005-07-12). "Ref: Change in NCA Shareholders" (PDF). Press release. Retrieved on 2008-02-28. News & Topics
  23. ^ Accident Rates By Airline. AirDisaster.com.
  24. ^ http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19580812-1
  25. ^ Emoto's Plan, Time, January 12, 1959.
  26. ^ http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19600316-0
  27. ^ http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19660204-0
  28. ^ http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19661113-0
  29. ^ "The Worst Ever." Time. August 9, 1971.
  30. ^ "Jet Is Stormed And Hijacker Held in Japan," The New York Times
  31. ^ "World: Asia-Pacific Japanese hijacker kills pilot ," BBC

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
All Nippon Airways


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Members of Star Alliance
v  d  e
Airlines of Japan
Low cost domestic airlines
Domestic airlines
International and domestic airlines
All Nippon Airways ˇ JAL: (Japan Airlines ˇ JALways)
Cargo airlines
Defunct airlines
v  e
Members of the Association of Asia Pacific Airlines (AAPA)