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Airport Kingsford (Australia) - Smith
| This article or section is missing citations or needs footnotes. Using inline citations helps guard against copyright violations and factual inaccuracies. (July 2007) |
| Sydney Airport Kingsford Smith International Airport |
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|---|---|---|---|
| IATA: SYD ICAO: YSSY | |||
| Summary | |||
| Airport type | Public | ||
| Operator | Sydney Airport Corporation Limited | ||
| Serves | Sydney | ||
| Location | Mascot, Australia | ||
| Elevation AMSL | 19 ft / 6 m | ||
| Coordinates | |||
| Website | |||
| Runways | |||
| Direction | Length | Surface | |
| m | ft | ||
| 07/25 | 2,529 | 8,297 | Asphalt |
| 16L/34R | 2,438 | 7,998 | Asphalt |
| 16R/34L | 3,968 | 13,018 | Asphalt |
| Source: AIP[1], DAFIF[2][3] | |||
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Sydney Airport (also known as Kingsford Smith International Airport) (IATA: SYD, ICAO: YSSY), is located in the Sydney suburb of Mascot. It is the major airport serving Sydney, and is a major hub for Qantas. Sydney Airport is one of the oldest continually operated airports in the world,[4] and the busiest airport in Australia, handling 31.9 million passengers and 290,346 aircraft movements in 2007.[5] It was the 28th busiest airport in the world in 2003, but has not been in the top 30 since then. The airport is managed by Sydney Airport Corporation Limited (SACL) and the current CEO is Russell Balding.
Situated next to Botany Bay, the airport has three runways, colloquially known as the "East-West" and two "North-South" runways. In terms of land area, it is the smallest capital city airport in Australia.[citation needed]
Contents |
Transport
The airport is accessible by road and via the Airport Link underground rail line. The International Terminal and Domestic Terminal railway stations are situated below the respective terminals and are part of the Cityrail network, however the train stations are privately owned and operated by the Airport Link consortium. Sydney Buses run both the route 400 (Burwood to Bondi Junction), and route 410 (Bondi Junction to Rockdale Station) that connect the eastern suburbs, Inner West and St George areas to the airport with stops at International and Domestic terminals.
History
Originally declared an aerodrome in 1920 (then known as Sydney Airport), it was renamed Sydney (Kingsford Smith) International Airport in 1953, in honour of Charles Kingsford Smith, a pioneering Australian aviator.
The airport's first runways were built in 1933, all in gravel. Some small streams where some of the present runways are located were also filled. By the 1960s the need for a new international terminal had become apparent, and work commenced in late 1966. The new terminal was officially opened on May 3, 1970, by Queen Elizabeth II. The first Boeing 747 'Jumbo Jet' to serve the airport, Pan American's 'Clipper Flying Cloud' (N734PA), arrived on October 4, 1970. In the 1970s the north-south runway was expanded to become one of the longest runways in the southern hemisphere. The international terminal was expanded in 1992 and has undergone several refurbishments since then.
In the 1960s, the limitations of having only two runways that crossed each other had become apparent. Various governments grappled (or failed to grapple) with the issue of Sydney's airport capacity for decades. Eventually the highly controversial decision to build a third runway (parallel to the existing main "North-South" runway, but entirely on land reclaimed from Botany Bay) was taken, and the much-anticipated proposed new airport on the outskirts of Sydney was shelved indefinitely.
Even once the "third runway" (as it is universally known to Sydneysiders), had been built, it remained controversial because of increased aircraft movements, especially over many of Sydney's inner suburbs. The 1990s saw the formation of the No Aircraft Noise Party, which gained support in areas of Sydney affected by aircraft noise.[citation needed] However, there has been general acquiescence in the arrangements for Sydney Airport that were introduced by the Howard government shortly after its election, namely to -
- maintain curfews (extremely limited jet movements 2300-0600)
- rotate runway operation, and fan flightpaths out (instead of concentrating them, as had previously been the case)
- use, whenever possible, flightpaths over water, especially Botany Bay
- continue the use of noise abatement (reduced power settings, etc) on departure.
In 2002, the Australian Government sold Sydney Airports Corporation Limited (later renamed to Sydney Airport Corporation Limited), the management authority for the airport, to Southern Cross Airports Corporation Holdings Ltd. This is majority owned by a number of Macquarie Bank infrastructure investment funds. It holds a 99 year lease on the airport which remains Crown land.
Since the international terminal's original completion, it has undergone two large expansions, and the entire airport is currently undergoing a large expansion stretching over twenty years (2005 - 2025). This expansion will include the addition of a high-rise office block, the construction of a multi-level car park, the expansion of both the international and domestic terminal. This latest expansion and other plans and policies by Macquarie Bank for airport operations are seen as controversial, due to the fact that the local councils, which usually act as the local planning authority for such developments, have no jurisdiction over the airport. As of April 2006, some of the proposed development has been scaled back.[6]
Terminals
Sydney Airport has three passenger terminals currently in use.
Terminal 1
Terminal 1 is the international terminal, located in the airport's north western sector. It has 25 parking bays served by aerobridges as well as a number of remote bays. It is capable of handling A380 aircraft, which fly between Sydney and Singapore (Singapore Airlines) and Los Angeles (Qantas, commencing October 2008). Other aircraft handled by the terminal include 737, 747, 767, 777, A320, A330 and A340 aircraft.
It is fully split-level, with departures and arrivals separated. It has two departures concourses, with Gates 8-37 on the B Councourse and Gates 50-63 on the C Concourse. Eight baggage carousels are located in the arrivals area on the ground floor.
Terminal 1 was opened in the early 1970s, replacing the old Overseas Passenger Terminal which was located where Terminal 3 now stands. It has been extended significently since then.
Terminal 2
Terminal 2 is a domestic terminal located in the airport's north eastern sector. It has 12 parking bays served by aerobridges and a number of non-contact bays. It handles Virgin Blue, Jetstar domestic, Regional Express, Aeropelican Air Services and some Qantaslink services. Terminal 2 was formerly the Ansett Domestic Terminal.
Aircraft handled by this terminal include 737 and A320 jets.
Terminal 2 is partly split-level. There is a single concourse handling departure and arrival passengers, with check-in located on the first floor and baggage reclaim on the ground floor.
Terminal 3
Terminal 3 is a domestic terminal, also located in the north eastern sector. It handles all Qantas domestic and some Qantaslink flights (notably those serving Canberra). It has 14 parking bays served by aerobridges, including 2 served by dual aerobridges. One of the parking bays (bay 7) is capable of handling 747 aircraft although the largest aircraft routinely handled by the terminal are A330 aircraft. Other aircraft include 737 and 767 jets.
Terminal 3 was formerly the TAA Terminal, later the Australian Airlines Terminal, and then the Qantas Domestic Terminal. The current terminal building is largely the result of extensions made during the 1990s. Terminal 3 has a large Qantas Club lounge, as well as many shops and cafes.
Other Terminals
The airport also has a fourth passenger terminal which is currently unused. It is located to the east of Terminal 2. It was formerly used by low-cost carriers and has no aerobridges.
Sydney Airport's freight terminal is located to the north of Terminal 1.
Curfew
In 1995 the Australian Government passed a law through parliament entitled "The Sydney Airport Curfew Act", which limits the operating hours of the airport. This was done due as an effort to curb complaints about aircraft noise.
The curfew prevents aircraft from taking off or landing between the hours of 11pm and 6am. During extreme weather, flights are often delayed and it is often the case that people on late flights are unable to travel on a given day.
Second airport proposals
Sydney has been seeking a second airport since 1964.[7] Between 1987 and 1999-2000 domestic flights though Sydney more than doubled to nearly 27 million and international passengers increased from 8 million to 15 million in the same period. Almost half of all scheduled flights in Australia land or take off at Kingsford Smith, and the airport dealt with 45% of international passengers in 1998.[8] As a tentative first step, the Commonwealth has bought most of the land needed for a second airport, at Badgery's Creek, just west of Sydney. To be accessed by the Westlink M7 motorway, there are currently three proposals for the layout of the airport, featuring different arrangement of terminals in the centre of the proposed three runways.
A second airport rose again in 2008 when the Rudd Federal Government was elected. Convinced capacity at the current airport will be exhausted it begun a search for a new site. It is believed various options, including a freight-only airport operation will be considered. Camden, converting part or all of Richmond and Canberra are all to be investigated for feasibility. Bankstown and Badgerys Creek, according to sources are not to be put forward.[9]
Operations
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Airlines and destinations
Sydney Airport has three main terminals, referred to as T1 (or, to most locals, the "International Terminal"), T2 (the former "Ansett Domestic Terminal"), and T3 (the "Qantas Domestic Terminal"). The international terminal is separated from the other terminals by a runway which results in the need to allow for more time for passenger connections.
| Destinations by Region |
|---|
|
| Airlines | Destinations | Terminal |
|---|---|---|
| Aerolineas Argentinas | Auckland, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza | 1 |
| Aeropelican Air Services | Inverell, Newcastle | 2 |
| Aircalin | Nouméa | 1 |
| Air Austral | Saint Denis, Paris-Charles De Gaulle, Nouméa [begins 14 April 2009] [12] [13] | 1 |
| Air Canada | Toronto-Pearson, Vancouver | 1 |
| Air China | Beijing, Shanghai-Pudong | 1 |
| Air New Zealand | Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Hamilton[To be suspended 29 March 2009][14], Queenstown, Wellington | 1 |
| Air Niugini | Port Moresby | 1 |
| Air Pacific | Nadi | 1 |
| Air Tahiti Nui | Papeete | 1 |
| Air Vanuatu | Port Vila | 1 |
| Asiana Airlines | Seoul-Incheon | 1 |
| Australian Air Express | Melbourne | Freight |
| British Airways | Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, London-Heathrow, Singapore | 1 |
| Cathay Pacific | Hong Kong | 1 |
| Cathay Pacific Cargo | Hong Kong, Melbourne | Freight |
| China Airlines | Taipei-Taiwan Taoyuan | 1 |
| China Eastern Airlines | Shanghai-Pudong | 1 |
| China Southern Airlines | Guangzhou | 1 |
| Emirates | Auckland, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Christchurch, Dubai | 1 |
| Etihad Airways | Abu Dhabi | 1 |
| FedEx Express | Honolulu, Subic Bay | Freight |
| Garuda Indonesia | Denpasar/Bali | 1 |
| Hawaiian Airlines | Honolulu | 1 |
| Japan Airlines | Tokyo-Narita | 1 |
| Jetstar domestic | Adelaide, Melbourne-Avalon, Ballina, Brisbane, Cairns, Darwin[15], Gold Coast, Hamilton Island, Hervey Bay, Hobart, Launceston, Sunshine Coast, Townsville | 2 |
| Jetstar international | Auckland [Begins 28 April 2009][16], Cairns, Christchurch, Denpasar/Bali, Gold Coast, Ho Chi Minh City, Honolulu, Melbourne, Osaka-Kansai, Phuket | 1 |
| Korean Air | Seoul-Incheon | 1 |
| Korean Air Cargo | Guangzhou, Seoul-Incheon | Freight |
| LAN Airlines | Auckland, Santiago | 1 |
| Malaysia Airlines | Kuala Lumpur | 1 |
| Martinair | Amsterdam, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Hong Kong [Ends 24 December 2008[17]] | Freight |
| MASkargo | Kuala Lumpur | Freight |
| Norfolk Air | Melbourne, Norfolk Island | 1 |
| Philippine Airlines | Manila | 1 |
| Qantas (International) | Adelaide, Auckland, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Beijing, Brisbane, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza [begins November 24], Christchurch, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Jakarta, Johannesburg, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Manila, Melbourne, Mumbai, New York-JFK, Nouméa, Queenstown, San Francisco, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore, Tokyo-Narita, Wellington | 1 |
| Qantas (Domestic) | Adelaide, Alice Springs, Ayers Rock/Uluru, Brisbane, Cairns, Canberra, Darwin, Hobart, Melbourne, Perth
|
3-Qantas/QantasLink (Canberra Only)
|
| Regional Express | Albury, Ballina, Bathurst, Broken Hill , Dubbo, Grafton, Griffith, Lismore, Merimbula, Mildura [ends 2 November[18]], Moruya, Narrandera, Orange, Parkes, Taree, Wagga Wagga
|
2 |
| Singapore Airlines | Singapore | 1 |
| Singapore Airlines Cargo | Singapore | Freight |
| Thai Airways International | Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi | 1 |
| Toll Priority | Melbourne | Freight |
| United Airlines | Los Angeles, San Francisco | 1 |
| UPS | Anchorage, Nadi, Honolulu, Los Angeles | Freight |
| Vietnam Airlines | Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City | 1 |
| Virgin Atlantic | Hong Kong, London-Heathrow | 1 |
| Virgin Blue (International) |
|
1 |
| Virgin Blue (Domestic) | Adelaide, Albury, Ballina, Brisbane, Cairns, Canberra, Coffs Harbour, Gold Coast, Hervey Bay, Hobart, Launceston, Mackay, Melbourne, Perth, Port Macquarie, Rockhampton, Sunshine Coast, Townsville | 2 |
| Viva Macau | Macau | 1 |
Prospective users and routes
- Air India Plans to start flights in 2009 using Boeing 777-300ER or Boeing 787 aircraft.[20]
- V Australia has sought approval to launch 777-300ER services to Johannesburg. It is predicted that this service may commence October 1, 2009. [21]
See also
- List of Australian airports
- Transport in Australia
- Airport and East Hills railway line, Sydney - Airport Rail Connection
- RAAF Mascot
References
- ^ YSSY SYDNEY/(Kingsford Smith) (PDF). AIP Enroute Supplement from Airservices Australia, effective 28 Aug 2008.
- ^ Airport information for YSSY at World Aero Data. Data current as of October 2006.. Source: DAFIF.
- ^ Airport information for SYD at Great Circle Mapper. Source: DAFIF (effective Oct. 2006).
- ^ Fact Sheet Sydney Airport
- ^ Air Services Australia Aircraft Movements 2007
- ^ Sydney Morning Herald. April 21, 2006 issue
- ^ "Second Sydney Airport A Chronology". www.aph.gov.au. Retrieved on 2008-07-23.
- ^ Philip Laird (2001). Where We Are Now. UNSW Press, pages 29. ISBN 0 86840 411 X.
- ^ "Search on for second Sydney airport". The Daily Telegraph. www.news.com.au (May 5, 2008). Retrieved on 2008-07-23.
- ^ International airline activity
- ^ Domestic airline activity
- ^ http://www.etravelblackboard.com/showarticle.asp?id=82295&nav=130
- ^ http://www.air-austral.com/article.php?id_article=837
- ^ http://news.brisbanetimes.com.au/business/air-nz-to-suspend-hamilton-flights-20081006-4uru.html
- ^ About Qantas - Newsroom
- ^ http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10537205
- ^ http://www.impactpub.com.au/aircargo/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2407&Itemid=60
- ^ http://www.rex.com.au/MediaAndPressClippings/ShowNews.aspx?Site=IR&nid=191
- ^ http://www.virginblue.com.au/AboutUs/Media/NewsandPressReleases/P_005714.htm
- ^ Find fresh skies, govt tells airlines- Airlines / Aviation-Transportation-News By Industry-News-The Economic Times
- ^ V Australia to South Africa
External links
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