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Austrian Airlines

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Austrian Airlines
IATA ICAO Callsign
OS AUA AUSTRIAN
Founded 30 September 1957
Hubs Vienna International Airport
Focus cities
Frequent-flyer program Miles & More
Alliance Star Alliance
Fleet size 82
Destinations 130[1]
Company slogan the charming way to fly
Parent company Lufthansa Group
Headquarters Schwechat, Austria
Jurisdiction: Vienna[2]
Key people
  • Kay Kratky CEO
  • Andreas Otto, CCO
  • Heinz Lachinger, CFO
Revenue  EUR 2.2 billion (2014)[3]
Operating income EUR 9 million (2014)[4]
Employees 6,021 (as of March 2015)
Website www.austrian.com

Austrian Airlines AG, sometimes shortened to Austrian, is the flag carrier of Austria and a subsidiary of the Lufthansa Group.[5][6] The airline is headquartered on the grounds of Vienna International Airport in Schwechat[7] where it also maintains its hub. It flies to 6 domestic and more than 120 international year-round and seasonal destinations in 55 countries as of July 2016.[8] and is a member of the Star Alliance.

The airline was formed in 1957 by the merger of Air Austria and Austrian Airways, but traces its history back to 1923 at the founding of Austrian Airways. During the 2000s, the airline expanded through the acquisitions of Rheintalflug and Lauda Air, and adopted the shortened Austrian name in 2003. Throughout the decade, Austrian sustained several years of losses, and in 2008 its owner, the Austrian Government was advised to sell the airline to a foreign company. In 2009, the Lufthansa Group purchased the airline after receiving approval from the European Commission following an investigation into the tendering process.

Following disputes with staff over cost-cutting, all Austrian Airlines' flights were transferred on 1 July 2012 to its subsidiary, Tyrolean Airways, which operated under the Austrian name. On 1 April 2015, all flights transferred back to Austrian, and Tyrolean Airways was merged into its parent.[9]

History

Early years

On 3 May 1923 Walter Barda-Bardenau received approval by the Austrian government for establishing an airline. He participated in the newly formed Austrian Airlines (German: Österreichische Luftverkehrs AG) with one percent, with the remaining shares went to the Austrian railway transportation company (50%) and the Junkers-Werke (49%).

The initial fleet consisted of Junkers F 13's. The first flight of the company took place in Vienna on 14 May 1923 by Munich, with pilot Hans Baur. The landing took place in Vienna Jedlesee; there occurred a conversion to float and the connecting flight to Budapest.

The company was operated by Junkers Trans European Union. Its destinations included Munich, Budapest, Nuremberg, Graz, Klagenfurt and St. Wolfgang. Some targets in Austria were served with seaplanes. The union was dissolved in September 1926.

From 1927 the company procured new aircraft with support from the government. In the same year it began an operating partnership agreement with Deutsche Luft Hansa. Line connections were planned and operated jointly by the two companies. A route network to Berlin, Budapest and Milan ranged Vienna was created. In 1932 Luft Hansa Junkers held 49% interest. After the end of the world economic crisis the fleet with several Junkers Ju 52/3 m was added.

In 1938, the company began planning routes to Rome, Paris and London. Junkers Ju 90 planes were used. After the annexation of Austria by Germany in March 1938, these plans were abandoned. The airline was fully under the control of Lufthansa from 1 January 1939. In June 1939, the company was deleted from the commercial register.

After the second world war, Austria was separated from Germany, and Austria was left without a national airline. Austrian Airlines was formed as Österreichische Luftverkehrs AG through the merger of Air Austria and Austrian Airways. It began operations on 30 September 1957, making its maiden flight on 31 March 1958 when a leased Vickers Viscount 779 took off from Vienna for a scheduled service to Zurich and London. Six new Viscount 837s were delivered to the airline in early 1960. The operator's domestic services were launched on 1 May 1963. The airline's transatlantic services began on 1 April 1969 with a Vienna via Brussels to New York service in co-operation with Sabena.

Jet era

At first, Austrian Airlines had competition from Adria Airways: passengers from the Austrian provinces of Styria and Carinthia were commuting to Yugoslavia to use airports in what is now Slovenia. Austrian ordered its first jet airliner, the Sud Aviation Caravelle, on 18 February 1963 and the type was operated until 1973. From 1971, Austrian started to standardise its fleet in a short time frame in favour of nine Douglas DC-9-32s, that would serve for many years on short and medium-haul flights. In 1975, the first of five DC-9-51 was introduced. In 1977, Austrian became the first customer for the DC-9-80 (or McDonnell Douglas MD-80) along with Swissair.

The first MD-81 entered service in October 1980, allowing longer-range flights. In 1984, Austrian became the first customer for the MD-87 and played a significant role in the project. The first MD-87 entered service at the end of 1987, as did the MD-83 from 1990, while six MD-81 were upgraded to MD-82 standards.

Developments from 1990 to 2008

In the 1990s, airlines focused on cooperation and alliances. Austrian was one of the first companies to join the Qualiflyer Group, founded by Swissair. It was also a time of quick expansion in long-haul flights, with flights to China and South Africa.

In 2000, Austrian became a member of Star Alliance and acquired Lauda Air. It acquired Rheintalflug on 15 February 2001. Its name was shortened to Austrian in September 2003, when it renamed its three constituent carriers.[1] On 1 October 2004 the Flight Operations Departments of Austrian and Lauda Air were merged into a single unit, leaving Lauda Air as a brand name only for charter flights. It had 6,394 employees.[1] The other subsidiary, Tyrolean Airways, specialised in regional flights, and was merged with Rheintalflug.

In October 2006, Austrian was forced to adopt a stringent cost-saving policy, and in 2007 it eliminated over 500 jobs. Many long-haul destinations were cancelled, such as Sydney via Kuala Lumpur, Melbourne via Singapore, Kathmandu or Shanghai. Three remaining Fokker 70 were sent to Tyrolean Airways. It was also decided to abandon the long-haul Airbus planes, consisting of four Airbus A340 and four Airbus A330, in order to standardise the fleet in favour of Boeing 777 and Boeing 767. Austrian Airlines removed complimentary in-flight meals and alcoholic drinks on short haul services, introducing what was called a "Self Select Bistro Service", except on flights from London and any flights above 100 minutes in duration.[10] Head office moved from Oberlaa to Vienna Airport in 2007, whereas headquarters remained in Vienna itself.

After a small profit of 3.3 million in 2007, financial guidance for 2008 had to be changed negatively several times, to a loss of 475 million expected as of end of November.[11]

Privatization and takeover by Lufthansa

In June 2008, Merrill Lynch advised the Austrian Government to sell the airline to a foreign company. Interest was shown by Lufthansa, Air France-KLM, Royal Jordanian, Air China, Turkish Airlines, Aeroflot, S7 Airlines and Singapore Airlines. Of those, Lufthansa, Air France-KLM and S7 emerged.[12]

On 13 November 2008, state holding ÖIAG announced that Lufthansa was selected. The German company was to enter Austrians capital with a 41.6% share, for which it would pay 366,268.75.[13] AUA CEO Alfred Ötsch and OIAG chairman Peter Michaelis were heavily criticised for revealing to Lufthansa that it had to take over the 500 million debt only when the deal had been made binding. Michaelis refused a new tendering procedure, but was made a scapegoat with his shareholder rights removed,[14] and Ötsch resigned on 29 January 2013.[15]

On 1 July 2009, the European Commission initiated investigation on the acquisition for breach of free trade rules, suspecting that the tendering process was a fake one, everything being already decided in favour of Lufthansa.[16] Finally, with approval from the European Commission, Lufthansa purchased Austrian Airlines in September 2009.[17]

Shares in Austrian Airlines AG were suspended on Vienna Stock Exchange on 4 February 2010.[18] After a time of uncertainty following the demission of appointed CEO Thierry Antinori,[19] the arrival of Jaan Albrecht as the new CEO in 2011 signalled the beginning of a new era for the airline, with improving passenger numbers and a more strategic position within the Lufthansa framework. The completion of extension works at the Vienna International Airport will give the airline more room for expansion. As a result, in January 2012, a new strategy was implemented, with the addition of 11 new aircraft in the next three years, leading to a renewal of the fleet on the long term, with Airbus planes serving medium-haul routes and Boeings serving long-haul routes.

In December 2011, a new cost-saving plan was revealed, as the company was still losing money despite eliminating 2500 jobs. Lufthansa refused to provide financial support.[20] In March 2012, Austrian called once more for recapitalisation. Lufthansa approved a capital increase of 140 million, providing effective measure to be taken in order to address the structural deficiencies.[21]

The Lauda Air subsidiary was merged into Austrian Airlines on 1 July 2012.[22]

Operational transition to Tyrolean from 2012

On April 30, 2012, after failure of negotiations over cost cutting measures, AUA operations were taken over by subsidiary Tyrolean Airways.[23][24] After this date all Austrian flights were operated by Tyrolean. However 110 pilots and 250 flight personnel chose not to go to Tyrolean and to instead leave the group.[25]

Austrian Airlines retired its final Boeing 737, a 737-800 variant in Lauda Air markings, in April 2013 as part of its fleet consolidation exercise. The 11 Boeing 737s were replaced by seven Airbus A320s, with an expected annual saving of 17 million through the move to a single type.[22]

Merger of Austrian and Tyrolean in 2015

In October 2014 it was reported that Tyrolean's flight operations and staff would be reintegrated into Austrian Airlines by 31 March 2015[26][27] as a new labour agreement has been reached.[26][28] Ahead of the merger, Austrian announced an overhauled concept called "my Austrian" on 26 March 2015. It included a new corporate design, a revised aircraft livery, and a number of new routes.[29]

In June 2015, Austrian Airlines announced the purchase of 17 Embraer 195s from within the Lufthansa Group. These Embraer aircraft, which had been owned by Lufthansa CityLine, replaced the ageing Fokker 70s and 100s.[30] By August 2016, 8 of 17 Embraer aircraft had been delivered while 9 of 23 Fokker left the fleet.[31] All Fokker 70s had been phased out by late July 2017.[32]

In January 2016, it was announced that Austrian Airlines would revise its new branding introduced in spring 2015 by dropping the word "my" in front of Austrian. This new feature had been severely criticised.[33]

Corporate affairs

Ownership and subsidiaries

Austrian Airlines Group is wholly owned by Lufthansa. Austrian owns shares in 24 companies, including:

  • Austrian Technik Bratislava, a maintenance company located at Bratislava Airport equipped for overhauls on Fokker and Embraer regional jets and on the Airbus A320 family.[34][35]
  • Gulet-Touropa-Touristik
  • AVS-Versicherungen
  • TUI Austria
  • Traviaustria
  • AirPlus Kreditkarteninstitut
  • Wiener Börse AG
  • SCA Schedule Coordination Austria
  • ACS AirContainerService GmbH
  • Avicon Aviation Consult GmbH
  • Austrian Lufthansa Cargo GmbH
  • Austrian Airlines Tele Sales & Service GmbH
Business trends

Austrian Airlines has recently been profitable (before interest and tax). Until 2008, accounts were published in full in annual reports, but following the takeover by Lufthansa, the style and content of the published results changed. Only summary information is now made available, by way of press releases. The figures below are for years ending 31 December:

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Turnover (m) 2,358 2,486 2,663 2,551 2,531 2,083 2,150 2,163 2,259 2,198 2,164 2,243 2,285 2,466
Operating profit (adjusted) (m) 231 65 59 6 25 10
Profit before interest, tax, depreciation, etc. (EBITDA) (m) 72 170 107 157 201 109
Profit before interest and tax (EBIT) (m) 88.9 84.6 72.3 42.1 312.1 293.9 9 54 65 101
Net profit (m) 43.9 129.1 129.9 3.3 429.5 325.9
Number of employees (at year end) 7,662 8,468 8,582 8,031 7,914 7,066 5,934 6,777 6,236 6,208 6,067 5,984 6,450 6,914
Number of passengers (m) 9.4 10.1 10.8 10.8 10.7 9.9 10.9 11.3 11.5 11.3 11.2 10.8 11.4 12.9
Passenger load factor (%) 72.1 73.8 74.1 75.1 74.4 74.0 76.8 73.7 77.5 78.6 78.9 78.0 76.1 76.8
Number of aircraft (at year end) 97 106 105 98 99 78 77 74 75 77 81 83
Notes/sources [36] [36] [36] [36] [36] [36] [36] [37] [37] [38] [3][4] [39] [40][41] [42]
Livery

Citing the colours of the national flag of Austria, Austrian Airlines' colour scheme has always been a pattern of red, white and red. Aircraft bellies were silver from the 1950s to 1980s, the upper part was white with the Austrian Airlines arrow and the text "Austrian Airlines" (until 1972, again from 1995 to 2003) or "Austrian" (19721995, from 2003 onwards). Austrian Airlines' slogan was "the friendly airline" at the time. As part of the 2015 rebranding, the blue belly and engine painting of the livery were replaced by white and red.[43]

The Austrian Airlines' arrow ("Austrian Chevron") has seen several design modifications over the years. When created in 1960 it was redolent of the shape of a flying bird; the design became more formal in 1972. As part of a rebranding exercise in 1995, the "Chevron" was placed on the red-white-red tail fin. In the new corporate design, in use since 2003, the old "Chevron" shape was used again, this time in a more modern style and with a drop shadow placed underneath.

Several special colour schemes have been used throughout the decades. Since joining Star Alliance, a few aeroplanes have flown with Star Alliance markings. For the Mozart year in 2006, an Airbus A320 was decorated in a Mozart design, and an Airbus A340-300 was coated with an hommage to the Vienna Philharmonic orchestra. A Boeing 737-600 was given a glacier look for a Tyrol advertisement. Three designs were put on aeroplanes to mark Euro 2008. An Airbus A320 was given a retro livery to mark the company's 50th anniversary. Austrian's slogan is "the charming way to fly".

Destinations

Main article: Austrian Airlines destinations
Route development

In 2006, Austrian decided to retire its A330 and A340 fleet, which consisted of four Airbus A330-200, two Airbus A340-200 and two Airbus A340-300. These aircraft were sold to TAP Air Portugal, Swiss and the French Air Force. As a result of having less long haul capacity, Austrian suspended some of its long-haul flights to East Asia. Flights to Shanghai, Phuket, Mauritius, Colombo, Malé and Kathmandu ended in 2007.[22]

Both Australia routes - Melbourne via Singapore and Sydney via Kuala Lumpur - were terminated in March 2007, ending operations on the Kangaroo Route. Austrian was the last European-based airline offering direct flights from Melbourne to Europe. It started with Lauda aircraft, and later used Austrian Airlines aircraft.[44]

Austrian was one of the few airlines[45] to fly to post-war Iraq when it began flights to Erbil in December 2006.[46] New flights to Mumbai began in November 2010 and Austrian resumed flights to Baghdad on 8 June 2011. On January 13, 2013, Austrian Airlines suspended flights to Tehran due to a lack of demand.[47] Austrian Airlines resumed flights to Chicago on May 17, 2013 and launched Newark in 2014.[48] Austrian Airlines started service to Mauritius in the beginning of the 2015 winter schedule.[49][50] The expansion of the intercontinental network seems to indicate improving results for Austrian, with Lufthansa placing its confidence in the airline. Austrian Airlines began service to Mauritius[51] and Miami in October 2015.[52] Austrian Airlines has announced to commence service to Los Angeles which began on April 10, 2017; which is the longest non-stop Austrian flight ever; covering a distance of over 9,877 kilometers or 6,137 miles. The flight takes about 12 hours and 30 minutes, using Boeing 777-200ER aircraft.[53] Austrian Airlines announced to commence service (four times a week) to Shiraz which began on July 2, 2017 with a stopover in Isfahan using Airbus A320 aircraft. Austrian Airlines announced the resumption of flights to Cape Town from 28 October 2018.

Austrian Airlines codeshares with the following airlines:[54]

Fleet

Current fleet

As of January 2018, the Austrian Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft:[56]

Austrian Airlines Fleet
Aircraft In Service Orders Passengers Notes
J W Y Total Refs
Airbus A319-100 7 var. 138 [57]
Airbus A320-200 22 var. 174 [58] OE-LBP in retro livery
OE-LBX and OE-LBZ in Star Alliance livery[59]
180 Taken over from former Air Berlin fleet
Airbus A321-100 3 var. 200 [60] OE-LBA in myDreamteam livery
Airbus A321-200 3 var. [61]
Boeing 767-300ER 6 26 18 167 211 [62]
36 178 214
26 199 225
Boeing 777-200ER 6 48 260 308 [63] OE-LPD in my Sound of Austria livery
264 312
Bombardier Q400 18 76 76 [64] 4 operated for Swiss International Air Lines
Embraer 195 17 var. 120 [65]
Total 82 0
  • Note: Business and Economy on the A319, A320, A321 and E195 can vary depending on demand[66]
Fleet history

Over the years, Austrian Airlines operated the following aircraft types:[67]

This transport-related list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Austrian Airlines Historic Fleet
Aircraft Introduced Retired Notes/Refs
Airbus A310-300 1988 2004
Airbus A319-100 2004
Airbus A320-200 1998
Airbus A321-100 1995
Airbus A321-200
Airbus A330-200 1998 2007 Disposed to TAP Air Portugal
Airbus A340-200 1995 2007 Disposed to French Air Force
Airbus A340-300 1997 2007 Disposed to Swiss International Air Lines
Boeing 707-300 1969 1971
Boeing 737-600 2008 2012 Former Lauda Air fleet
Boeing 737-700 2008 2012 Former Lauda Air fleet
Boeing 737-800 2010 2013 [68][69]
Boeing 767-300ER 2005
Boeing 777-200ER 2005
Bombardier CRJ200 1996 2010 [70][71]
Douglas DC-8-63CF 1973 1974 [72][72]
Embraer ERJ-195 2015 [73]
Fokker 50 1988 1996
Fokker 70 1995 2017[32] Replaced by Embraer 195
Fokker 100 2004 2017[74] Replaced by Embraer 195
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 1971 1990
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-51 1975 1985
McDonnell Douglas MD-11 Unknown Unknown
McDonnell Douglas MD-81 1980 1999
McDonnell Douglas MD-82 1983 2005
McDonnell Douglas MD-83 1993 2005
McDonnell Douglas MD-87 1987 2005
Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle 1963 1973
Vickers Viscount 1958 1971

Other aircraft types previously operated by the airline included the Douglas DC-3, Hawker Siddeley HS 748 and Aero Commander (Grand Commander 680FL model).

Service

Austrian operates several lounges at its hub in Vienna. There are three Business, two Senator and two HON-Circle lounges.[75] It also operates a Business lounge at Domodedovo International Airport in Moscow.

Do & Co has handled catering for Austrian Airlines since 2007. On long-haul flights, Business Class meals are prepared by a chef on board.

As of 2011 all Austrian planes of the Airbus A320 family are equipped with new seats and a new cabin design.[76] By September 2013 Austrian's entire long-haul-fleet (Boeing 767 and Boeing 777) also got new seats and a new cabin design. It contains full-flat-beds with a pneumatics-system and aisle access from nearly every seat in Business Class, and new seats with video-on-demand for every passenger in Economy Class.[77]

Incidents and accidents

The following is a list of incidents and accidents involving Austrian Airlines mainline aircraft. It excludes occurrences with subsidiaries, such as Tyrolean Airways or Austrian Air Services.

  • On 26 September 1960 at 21:40 local time, an Austrian Airlines Vickers Viscount (registered OE-LAF) crashed during approach of Sheremetyevo International Airport, killing 26 of the 31 passengers on board, as well as five of the six crew members. The aircraft had been operating Flight 901 from Vienna to Moscow with an intermediate stop at Warsaw. As a probable cause for this to date only fatal accident for the airline, a malfunction in an altimeter was given.[78]
  • On 21 February 1970, a bomb explosion occurred in the cargo hold of an Austrian Airlines Sud Aviation Caravelle (registered OE-LCU) during a flight from Frankfurt to Vienna with 33 passengers and five crew on board, creating a hole in the fuselage. The pilots managed to return the aircraft safely to Frankfurt Airport.[79] On the same day, another bomb had been planted on Swissair Flight 330, causing it to crash, killing 47 people. The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine claimed the responsibility for both assaults.[80]
  • On 7 January 1997, Austrian Airlines Flight 104 from Berlin to Vienna was hijacked by a Bosnian man who had forced his way into the cockpit armed with a knife (which was of a size small enough not to be banned from aeroplanes under regulations in force at the time). The pilots obeyed the perpetrator's demands to return to Berlin, so that he could negotiate with the local authorities over the renewal of his visa. Back at Berlin Tegel Airport, the McDonnell Douglas MD-87 was stormed by special police forces, and the hijacker was overpowered.[81]
  • On 5 January 2004 at 08:17 local time, an Austrian Airlines Fokker 70 (registered OE-LFO) crash-landed on a snow-covered field near Munich International Airport. The aircraft had been operating Flight 111 from Vienna to Munich, with 28 passengers and four crew on board, when its engines failed during landing descent due to icing. The aircraft was severely damaged, however only three passengers suffered minor injuries.[82][83][84]

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